From CIDRAP: Link: https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/antimicrobial-stewardship/emergency-department-data-show-shift-antibiotics-used-pediatric-utis)
An analysis of US emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) provides some new insight into antibiotic prescribing practices, researchers reported today in Pediatrics.
Led by researchers from Boston Children's Hospital, the analysis aimed to evaluate changes in antibiotic prescribing at US ED visits for pediatric UTIs from 2011 to 2020 using nationally representative data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). A previous analysis of NHAMCS data found that, from 1998 to 2007, there was a decline in use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) for pediatric UTIs amid rising resistance rates and a significant increase in the use of enteral third-generation cephalosporins (e3GC).
That finding raised concerns because e3GC are broad-spectrum antibiotics that can select for antibiotic resistance. In 2014, updated cephalosporin susceptibility criteria for Enterobacterales species made enteral first-generation cephalosporins (e1GC), which target fewer bacterial species, a potential empiric option for uncomplicated UTIs.
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